The Link Between Successful Projects Outcomes And Project...

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study The link between successful project outcomes and project management was recognised by Peters and Waterman (1982, pp. 3-28), more than 40 years ago. In the fast moving 21st Century business environment, project managers must work ever more effectively and accurately, and timely information is essential to every aspect of the project management role: planning, organisational design, gaining the ‘buy in’ of various stakeholders and being able to provide project reviews in ‘real time’, as well as embracing sustainability (ICE, 2002, p.5). The ways in which the project and its progress relate to the wider organisational context will also need to be considered and communicated (Cleland and Ireland,†¦show more content†¦82). The management of projects, as indicated by Oracle (2011, p.1), must embrace every stage from planning to regular monitoring, controlling and evaluation of progress, undertaken by professional staff who also must be recruited and trai ned (Liberatore, and Pollack-Johnson 2004, pp. 164-174). Advances in technology represent transformational power for project management in the ACE sector, according to Howard et.al. (1989, p. 18), since appropriate technology provides decision support for the integration of data that has been gathered from a variety of sources and stakeholders. The authors also forecast that, as technology advanced, the potential for huge savings generated from higher productivity would be increasingly important, for instance, by the use of artificial intelligence, process automation including robotics, and employment of advanced databases (Howard et al. 1989, p.18). A technology solution suggested by Lee and Yu (2012, p. 82) is the web-based Project Management Information System (PMIS), which although not guaranteed to deliver project performance outcomes, is recognised as a vital tool to improving the probability of doing so. The construction industry is highlighted by (Liberatore and Pollack Jackson (2004, p. 170) as one with high usage of the most sophisticated project management information systems,

Creating Blakes Tyger Essay - 3597 Words

Creating Blake’s â€Å"Tyger† The Eighteenth-century British Romantic, William Blake, was an accomplished painter, engraver, and illustrator during his lifetime, but is best remembered for his poetry. Though Blake’s genius was generally dismissed by the public of his own era and he died with little acclaim, he has since been regarded as one of the greatest figures of the Romantic Movement. Whether with paint or pen, Blake is renowned for his ability to create works of art which, over the years, have succeeded in both amazing and perplexing his audience. â€Å"The Tyger,† from his 1794 â€Å"Songs of Experience† collection, is one such poem whose elusive meaning is widely debated. The work becomes problematic for readers since, when†¦show more content†¦While other â€Å"immortals† are created in literature, these two options seem most logical to address first. While this initial step, recognizing the dual meaning of â€Å"immortal,† seems fairly obvious, it is ofte n overlooked. When it is called into question, however, the mention of the creator as one who is immortal sparks theories that have been debated for as long as critics have been struggling to break down Blake’s complex work. Burton Raffel, a professional translator and English professor was challenged with the onerous task of rewriting the poem in French. He points out in his 2002 article, published in the Literary Review journal, that many people, at first glance, misinterpret the possibilities for the meaning of the word, â€Å"immortal,† by failing to recognize the inherent duality. Raffel asserts initially that, â€Å"The word ‘immortal’ assures us, if nothing else does, that God is the undeniable power of whom Blake speaks,† but upon further analysis, Raffel refutes his own argument by asking, â€Å"Why then does [Blake] put the matter interrogatively? Is it because he wishes to shed doubt on Gods powers? Or to advocate some other ‘i mmortal’ presence as the true power behind creation?† (632). It is the latter sentence that speaks to the actual nature of the poem; Blake provides evidence that should not so quickly be disregarded as to whom the passage may refer. By presenting the reader with â€Å"immortal† as the first criterion for the tyger’s creator, BlakeShow MoreRelatedThe Contrasting World Views in William Blake’s â€Å"the Lamb† and â€Å"the Tyger†941 Words   |  4 PagesThe Contrasting World Views in William Blake’s â€Å"The Lamb† and â€Å"The Tyger† A person’s view of the world is very situational, depending on their life experiences and their religious beliefs. William Blake examines two different world views in the poems â€Å"The Lamb,† and â€Å"The Tyger.† These poems were written as a pairing which were shown in Blake’s Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience respectively. While the first poem deals with a view of the world as innocent and beautiful, the other suggestsRead More Comparison of the Poems The Tyger and The Lamb Essay1217 Words   |  5 PagesComparison of the Poems The Tyger and The Lamb In William Blake’s Songs of Innocence and Experience we are confronted with a powerful juxtaposition of nature. The innocuous ‘lamb’ and the ferocious ‘Tyger’ are designed to be interpreted in comparison with each other. Both creatures innovatively define childhood, they provide a contrast between youthful innocence and the experience of age contaminating it. ‘The Lamb’ is simplistic in vocabulary and style, Blake uses childish repetitionsRead MoreOpposition in William Blakes The Lamb and the Tyger689 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Opposition in William Blakes The Lamb and The Tyger William Blakes Songs of Innocence and Experience contain some of his most known poems including The Lamb from Songs of Innocence and The Tyger from Songs of Experience. These two poems are intended to reflect contrasting views of religion, innocence, and creation, with The Tyger examining the intrinsic relationship between good and evil. Blake utilizes contrasting images and symbols to examine opposing perspectives of good and evilRead MoreThe Tyger By William Blake1168 Words   |  5 Pagesquestion their God and the way the world is. William Blake’s compilation of poems called the Songs of Innocence and Experience questions the good and evil in the daily lives of human beings. This collection of poems includes The Tyger, a partnered poem in the series with The Lamb. Blake offers a new way of interpreting God through His creations in The Tyger. Blake demonstrates the fierceness of the tyger’s creator throughout the poem. The tyger is viewed as a vicious creature that p eople view as aRead MoreEssay on The Tyger698 Words   |  3 Pages â€Å"The Tyger† Ana Melching Does god create both gentle and fearful creatures? If he does what right does he have? Both of these rhetorical questions are asked by William Blake in his poem â€Å"The Tyger.† The poem takes the reader on a journey of faith, questioning god and his nature. The poem completes a cycle of questioning the creator of the tyger, discussing how it could have been created, and then returns to questioning the creator again. Both questions about the tyger’sRead MoreContemplating Gods Creation in William Blakes The Lamb and The Tyger1205 Words   |  5 PagesBlake decided to write about mystical beings and Gods. Two examples of the poet expressing his point of view are seen in â€Å"The Tyger† and â€Å"The Lamb.† Both poems demonstrate how the world is and to sharpen one’s perception. People perceive the world in their own outlook, often times judging things before they even know the deeper meaning of its inner personification. Blake’s wondrous questions actually make an acceptable point because he questions whether God created the tiger with the same intentionsRead MoreWilliam Blake s The Lamb And The Tyger1493 Words   |  6 Pagesstandout poems, â€Å"The Lamb† and â€Å"The Tyger,† respectively taken from Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience, demonstrate Blake’s meditation on how innocence and experience in life create a binary and compl ementary relationship that is observable in our outer world as well as in our inner being. As one of the titles in his Songs of Innocence, William Blake chooses the lamb, naturally gentle and docile, as a representative of the concept of innocence. In Blake’s poem, a child shepherd addresses theRead More Practical Criticism: The Tyger William Blake Essay1735 Words   |  7 PagesPractical Criticism: The Tyger William Blake Blakes poem The Tyger - written somewhere between 1785 and 1789 - was first published in Songs of Innocence and Experience. These two interconnected books of poetry were intended to show the two contrary states of the human soul. Appropriately enough The Tyger appeared in the second book, Experience, and has as its natural counter part The Lamb in Innocence. The Tyger as a poem is a perennial international favourite. It has been moreRead More Analysis of The Lamb and The Tyger by William Blake Essay1641 Words   |  7 Pagesreflect this. In fact, from Blake’s ‘Songs of Innocence and of Experience’ there are a number of poems, describing what life could be like and in reality what life is like. Two examples are ‘The Lamb’ and ‘The Tyger’. We can see he uses poetic techniques to set up such clashes. These two poems demonstrate exactly Blake’s views on the ills of society, mainly referring to the industrial revolution and the impacts and consequences it brought. ‘The Lamb’ and ‘The Tyger’ are both poems written inRead MorePoetry Analysis: The Tyger Essay925 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Blake’s 1793 poem â€Å"The Tyger† has many interpretations, but its main purpose is to question God as a creator. Its poetic techniques generate a vivid picture that encourages the reader to see the Tyger as a horrifying and terrible being. The speaker addresses the question of whether or not the same God who made the lamb, a gentle creature, could have also formed the Tyger and all its darkness. This issue is addressed through many poetic devices including rhyme, repetition, allusion, and symbolism

Purchasing power parity, theory of exchange rate determination. Free Essays

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this paper is to better understand one of the key concepts of real exchange rate determination and building blocks of macroeconomic model, ppp. The main reason to focus on this topic is due to the fact that most of the large companies are working beyond the national boundaries and are trying to expand their business at international levels, so it becomes vital for managers and investors while making international investment decisions to gauge the impact of fluctuation of consumer goods prices, tradable and non-tradable goods could have on the profitability of their businesses.Although the term â€Å"purchasing power parity† was coined as recently as 80 years ago (Cassel, 1918), it has much longer history in economics[1]. We will write a custom essay sample on Purchasing power parity, theory of exchange rate determination. or any similar topic only for you Order Now PPP is generally attributed to Gustav Cassel’s writings in the 1920s, although its intellectual origins date back to the writings of the nineteenth-century British economist â€Å"David Ricardo†. Probably, it is the oldest theory of exchange rate determination. In section 1 of this paper, I will define the concept of ppp, discuss the theory behind it, and elaborate its practical implications in real world development. The section 2 will clarifies the nuances between absolute ppp and relative ppp and tests of the validity of the ppp theory over the time period. The section 3 elaborates Why is more preferable to say that ppp holds in the long run than in the short run. The section 4 explains why ppp does not hold in the short run, what are the economic factors lies behind it in deviating ppp from actual exchange rate. It distinguishes between those factors which would prevent absolute ppp from holding, but would not necessarily prevent relative ppp from holding, and those which clearly prevent relative ppp too. It also explains those factors which would lead to ppp failing in the long run. In section 5, there are concluding remarks. SECTION 1: UNDERSTANDING PURCHASING POWER PARITY In thissection, I will define purchasing power parity by using the examples to elaborate how it works in the real world and discuss it how it relates to real exchange rates. WHAT IS PPP? The purchasing power parity exchange rate is the exchange rate between two currencies’ that would equate the two relevant national price levels if expressed in common currency at that rate, so that ppp of a unit of one currency would be the same in both countries.The basic concept underlying ppp theory is that arbitrage forces will lead to the equalization of goods prices internationally, once the prices of goods are measured in same currency. As such theory represents an application of the ‘law of one price’[2]. LAW OF ONE PRICE: The fundamental idea behind this theory is the law of one price.LOP[3] refers to identical products which are sold in different markets will sell in the same prices when expressed in terms of a common currency in the presence of competitive market structure and absence of transportation costs and other barriers to trade. Thus, it provides a framework to relate currency in one market (the domestic market) to currency in another market (foreign market).In algebraic form, LOP posits that for any good I: p How to cite Purchasing power parity, theory of exchange rate determination., Essay examples

Drivers Of Employee Performance Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Drivers Of Employee Performance. Answer: The various Human Resource Management tools are the drivers of employee performance and organizational goal achievement in this modern era. The HRM tools render the work environment friendly for the employee and makes sure that everyone of them is taken care of without any kind of inequality in practice (Indermun 2014). For an organization to achieve excellence, it is essential for the company to keep their employees happy so that they work to the best of their capabilities to achieve the goals and targets of the organization (Men 2014). It is a fact that the companies with the most employee friendly HRM policies certainly have the best of the employees and low resignation rates. FedEx or the Federal Express Corporation is regarded as one of the companies with the best HRM practice. It is stated that the company has the most loyal employees and all of them are so happy with their work and the company that they hardly ever wish to leave the company even if offered better pay. The organization was started in the year 1971 by Frederick W. Smith (About FedEx 2018). It was initially started as a company that used to deliver documents overnight to people in form of shipments. The delivery service since then has become so popular that it is one of the leading shipment and courier services in the entire world. It has been said that the employees were so supportive to the organization in the initial days that they were ready to swipe their own credit cards to buy fuel and deliver the shipments to the clients. The commitment levels of the employees were so huge that even when they did not receive salary on time, they worked dedicatedly for the company FedEx has an amazing People-Service-Profit system in their work process. The PSP system actually refers to the companys policy that states that if the organization took good care of its employees then the employees would take care of the customers and this in return will lead to more orders and a substantial rise in the profits (Shi 2015). Such programs by the HRM of the company has made it possible for the organization to make sure that each and every individual related to the company is happy and does their best in serving the customers. The Survey-Feedback-Action program that the company uses is very efficient and it has been in use from the very early days of the organization. The program is the reward and recognition program for employee appraisal on a yearly basis. The management sends out online survey forms and based in the survey the rewards and appraisals are given out to the employees. This is done in a timely manner and hence the employees look forward to the appraisal time. Every year in the month of April thus entire process takes place. The fact that it is completely based on performance and it analyzes all the deficits that the organization has in its internal and external environment makes it more a worthy process (Mishra 2015). The company has a program known as Leadership Evaluation and Awareness Process (LEAP) which is a promotional chance for the cadre employees to move up to the managerial level. The organization has an open door policy for its employees and hence the communication inside the organization is very good. The entire employee base is well aware of the changes that are planned in an organization and they are part of all the programs that are being conducted in the company. As a part of the awards for the employees who perform exceedingly well, the organization as awards such as the Golden Falcon and the Bravo Zulu awards for such employees (Smith 2014). Such awards enormously encourage and motivate the employees to work hard and reach up to the front in order to get the award. The various policies that are functional in the HR department of the organization has made it one of the most employee friendly organizations in the global sphere. Each of the recruited employees is trained under the leaders of the organization. This is done so that they can deliver the duties which they will be assigned. The complete guidance and on-Job training adds to the experience of the employee and actually makes the person aware of the job responsibilities and enables him to perform better (Keep 2014). Such policies and HRM tools are the ones which make the employee to be a part of the organization and hence their dedication level takes a leap. The employee retention also increases because every employee is dedicated to the job at hand and hence there remains no reason for the organization to terminate an employee. HRM tools add to the competitive advantage as the employees who join a company like the FedEx are less likely to leave the organization in the near future and opt for any other organization. The employees are happy and they get all the aids and perks that an employee deserves from the employer. The employees have become so loyal to the employer that they wish to work in the interest of the company rather than their own interest. The competitive advantage lies in the fact that as FedEx keeps its employees content and happy, the employees in return provide best of the services to the customers whereas others in the same industry can be into negligence towards the job because their employees do not keep them satisfied. The level of trust between the company and the employees is so high that they are inseparable and any external force does not affect an employee of the FedEx in engaging into any such activity which is against the organization. Right from recruitment to retention of the e mployees, the entire HRM process is inclined towards the employees and their happiness in the company and it essentially increases the employee loyalty. References About FedEx. (2018).History - About FedEx. [online] Available at: https://about.van.fedex.com/our-story/history-timeline/history/ [Accessed 10 Mar. 2018]. Indermun, V., 2014. Importance of Human Resource Management Practices and the Impact Companies Face in Relation to Competitive Challenges.Singaporean Journal of Business, Economics and Management Studies,51(1448), pp.1-11. Keep, E., 2014. Corporate training strategies: the vital component?.New Perspectives, pp.109-125. Men, L.R., 2014. Strategic internal communication: Transformational leadership, communication channels, and employee satisfaction.Management Communication Quarterly,28(2), pp.264-284. Mishra, S., 2015. Effective communication for corporate sector: A need for a paradigm shift.Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing,6(7), p.749. Shi, C.A.O., 2015. The Implications of FedEx to Human Resource Management of Logistics Enterprises in Beijing.International Business and Management,11(3), pp.17-23. Smith, E.B., 2014. The Effect of Critical Optimism on Transformational Leadership.Leadership Organizational Management Journal,2014(1).